ABSTRACT
ABSTRACT Objective: To analyze the symbolic effects of the official military uniform of the nurses from Brazilian Army in World War II. Method: This research was developed using the historical method, with iconographic sources. The data were discussed based on the concepts of the social world theory, by Pierre Bourdieu. Results: The images selected demonstrate the own meaning of the uniforms, evidencing the functions and the social position of those who wear it, being private and obligatory to use it in the military field. Final considerations: In the case of the nurses from the Brazilian Expeditionary Force, the appropriation of uniforms promoted the visual communication representing military nurse in the context of war, at the same time it served for distinction purposes in the army, but not necessarily in the nursing field. Symbolically, they remained amongst the walls of the barracks even after the end of the war and, thus, they remained unknown and marked by the symbols of forgetfulness.
RESUMEN Objetivo: Analizar los efectos simbólicos de la vestimenta militar oficial de las enfermeras del Ejército Brasileño en la II Guerra Mundial. Método: La investigación fue desarrollada usando el método histórico con fuentes de imágenes. Los datos fueron discutidos a la luz de conceptos de la teoría del mundo social, de Pierre Bourdieu. Resultados: Las imágenes seleccionadas demuestran el significado propio de los uniformes, explicitando las funciones y la posición social de quien los porta, siendo de uso privativo y obligatorio en el campo militar. Consideraciones finales: En el caso de las enfermeras de la Fuerza Expedicionaria Brasileña, la apropiación de uniformes promovió la comunicación visual de la figura-tipo de la enfermera militar en el contexto de la guerra, al tiempo que confería distinción en el ámbito del ejército, pero no necesariamente en el campo de la enfermería. Simbólicamente, permanecieron entre los muros de los cuarteles incluso después del término de la guerra, y, por consiguiente, se mantuvieron desconocidas y marcadas por los signos del olvido.
RESUMO Objetivo: Analisar os efeitos simbólicos do vestuário militar oficial das enfermeiras do Exército Brasileiro na II Guerra Mundial. Método: A pesquisa foi desenvolvida usando o método histórico, com fontes imagéticas. Os dados foram discutidos à luz de conceitos da teoria do mundo social, de Pierre Bourdieu. Resultados: As imagens selecionadas demonstram o significado próprio dos uniformes, explicitando as funções e a posição social de quem os porta, sendo de uso privativo e obrigatório no campo militar. Considerações finais: No caso das enfermeiras da Força Expedicionária Brasileira, a apropriação de uniformes promoveu a comunicação visual da figura-tipo da enfermeira militar no contexto da guerra, ao mesmo tempo que conferiu distinção no âmbito do exército, mas não necessariamente no campo da enfermagem. Simbolicamente, elas permaneceram entre os muros dos quartéis mesmo após o término da guerra e, por conseguinte, mantiveram-se desconhecidas e marcadas pelos signos do esquecimento.
Subject(s)
Humans , Social Identification , Clothing/standards , Military Personnel/psychology , Brazil , Clothing/psychology , World War II , Military Personnel/statistics & numerical dataABSTRACT
O estudo objetivou avaliar as boas práticas utilizadas na comercialização de água de coco em quiosques localizados na cidade de Salvador, Bahia. Foi utilizada como instrumento de coleta uma lista de checagem baseada nas recomendações da RDC nº 218/2005, referente às boas práticas executadas por manipuladores de alimentos. Foram analisadas amostras de água de coco para contagem de coliformes totais e termotolerantes. Os quiosques obtiveram uma classificação geral de adequação às boas práticas abaixo de 50% estando enquadrados no grupo 3. As amostras analisadas evidenciaram a presença de coliformes totais e termotolerantes acima do permitido pela legislação. Os resultados obtidos permitiram concluir que as amostras analisadas de água de coco encontravam-se inapropriadas para o consumo. Uma das medidas mais importantes seria capacitar os manipuladores sobre as boas práticas de higiene para assim garantir a qualidade da água de coco ao consumidor.(AU)
The study aimed to evaluate the best practices used in the marketing of coconut water in kiosks located in the city of Salvador-Bahia. It was used as a collection tool checklist based on recommendations of the RDC nº 218/2005 regarding good practices carried out by food handlers. Analyzed samples of coconut water for count of total coliforms and termotolerantes. The kiosks have obtained a general classification of fitness the best practices below 50% being covered in Group 3. The samples showed the presence of total coliforms and termotolerantes above the permitted by legislation. The results obtained allowed to conclude that the coconut water samples analysed were inappropriate for consumption. One of the most important measures would empower thehandlers on the good hygiene practices to ensure the quality of coconut water to the consumer.
Subject(s)
Humans , Food Inspection , Street Food , Good Manufacturing Practices , Foods Containing Coconut , Brazil , Food Hygiene , Clothing/standards , Cooking and Eating Utensils , Checklist , Food HandlingABSTRACT
Background: The formal appearance of health care professionals may influence their trustworthiness. Aim: To determine the effect of the orthopedic surgeon's attire on patients' perceptions of credibility and reliability of professionals. Material and Methods: In a cross-sectional design, 351 patients (mean age 43 ± 17 years, 62% males) from the Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology of a Chilean regional hospital in southem of Chile were chosen to complete a questionnaire of attire preferences, in which five photographs with male and female orthopedic surgeons appeared (executive, formal attire, informal attire, scrubs and casual clothing). The influence of attire in the perception of physicians' trustworthiness to resolve medical situations was analyzed. Results: Forty four percent of patients had no physician gender predilection (p = 0.32). Forty three percent of male and 38% of female patients preferred the use of formal attire. In situations of credibility or confidence, all patients chose mostly the use of white coats with formal attire by professionals. The probability of choosing an orthopedic surgeon with a formal attire was significantly higher among patients who considered the attire and appearance of the professional to be very important (Odds ratio = 3.74; p < 0.01). Conclusions: Patients prefer orthopedic surgeons wearing white coats and formal attire, which improves credibility of these professionals to correctly solve medical situations.
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adolescent , Adult , Middle Aged , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Young Adult , Physician-Patient Relations , Clothing/psychology , Trust/psychology , Patient Preference/statistics & numerical data , Orthopedic Surgeons , Socioeconomic Factors , Chile , Sex Factors , Cross-Sectional Studies , Surveys and Questionnaires , Clothing/standardsSubject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Societies/organization & administration , Students, Health Occupations/psychology , Clothing/standards , Allied Health Personnel/standards , Professional-Patient Relations/ethics , Societies/standards , Correspondence as Topic , Environmental Monitoring/methods , Environmental Monitoring/standards , Infection Control/methods , Infection Control/standards , Ethics, Medical/education , Ethics, Professional/education , Occupational Groups/educationABSTRACT
A qualidade da higienização industrial deve ser avaliada considerando- -se, entre outros aspectos, o risco que a contaminação alimentar representa para a saúde pública. Este trabalho buscou avaliar as condições higienicossanitárias de superfícies de 25 uniformes de frigorífico, por meio de análise microbiológica para micro-organismos mesófilos aeróbios (UFC/ cm²), conforme a técnica recomendada swab test, avaliando a eficiência do processo de lavagem dos uniformes. Observou-se que 4% das superfícies dos uniformes apresentaram contagens abaixo ou igual 4,0 x100 UFC/ cm², demonstrando condições higiênicas satisfatórias e indicando eficiência nas técnicas de higienização dos uniformes, portanto, não representando riscos de contaminação cruzada através dos uniformes. Tais achados demonstraram que o processo de higienização dos uniformes realizado pelo frigorífico é eficiente e eficaz na redução da carga microbiana, comprovando as boas condições higienicossanitárias dos mesmos.
Subject(s)
Humans , Clothing/standards , Abattoirs/standards , Meat Industry , Disinfection/methods , Hygiene , /prevention & controlABSTRACT
Com o decorrer dos anos, houve um grande aumento de empregos informais nos municípios brasileiros. Dentre eles, podem-se citar os feirantes, os quais comercializam alimentos tanto crus como manipulados, proporcionando assim, condições favoráveis para o aumento do risco de intoxicações alimentares, devido às condições higienicossanitárias desfavoráveis. Este estudo teve o objetivo de avaliar a qualidade higienicossanitária de feiras livres distribuídas na cidade de Santa Maria - RS. Foi realizada a aplicação de um checklist com 27 perguntas direcionadas ao conhecimento das Boas Práticas de Fabricação, higiene do local, higiene e vestuário dos manipuladores e higiene dos alimentos. A pesquisa foi realizada com 25 feirantes, que aceitaram participar desta pesquisa, no entanto, os resultados permitiram constatar que os feirantes carecem de mais informações sobre higiene e conscientização da importância da mesma, pois se observou que muitos deles procedem de forma errada em relação à conservação, armazenamento e exposição dos alimentos. Elaboraram-se, portanto, panfletos informativos que foram entregues aos participantes, com alguns dados importantes em relação às boas práticas e higiene de alimentos.
Within the years, there has been a substantial increase on informal jobs in Brazilian cities. Among them, we can mention the open market sellers, who commercialize raw and manipulated foods, allowing, thus, favorable conditions for the increasing risk of food poisoning, due to unfavorable hygienic-sanitarian conditions. This study has had the goal of evaluating the hygienic-sanitarian quality at open market fairs distributed in the city of Santa Maria - RS. The application of a checklist has been done, with 27 questions directed to the knowledge of Good Practices of Manufacturing, Hygiene of the Place Hygiene and Dressing of the Manipulators and Food Hygiene. The survey has been done with 25 open market sellers, who have accepted participating, however, the results indicated that the market sellers need more information about hygiene and awareness of its importance, since it has been observed that many selling places act in a wrong way concerning conservation, storage and displaying of food. Is developed so flyers that were delivered to the participants, with some important information related to best practices and food hygiene.
Subject(s)
Humans , Street Food , Good Manufacturing Practices , Food Handling , Brazil , Food Contamination/analysis , Hand Disinfection , Checklist , Cooking and Eating Utensils , Clothing/standardsABSTRACT
This study compared two different laminar airflow distribution strategies - horizontal and vertical - and investigated the effectiveness of both ventilation systems in terms of reducing the sedimentation and distribution of bacteria-carrying particles. Three different staff clothing systems, which resulted in source strengths of 1.5, 4 and 5 CFU/s per person, were considered. The exploration was conducted numerically using a computational fluid dynamics technique. Active and passive air sampling methods were simulated in addition to recovery tests, and the results were compared. Model validation was performed through comparisons with measurement data from the published literature. The recovery test yielded a value of 8.1 min for the horizontal ventilation scenario and 11.9 min for the vertical ventilation system. Fewer particles were captured by the slit sampler and in sedimentation areas with the horizontal ventilation system. The simulated results revealed that under identical conditions in the examined operating room, the horizontal laminar ventilation system performed better than the vertical option. The internal constellation of lamps, the surgical team and objects could have a serious effect on the movement of infectious particles and therefore on postoperative surgical site infections
Subject(s)
Humans , General Surgery , Clothing/standards , Clothing/statistics & numerical dataSubject(s)
Adolescent , Adult , Child , Clothing/standards , Female , Humans , Male , Pediatrics , Physician-Patient Relations , Surveys and Questionnaires , Self ConceptSubject(s)
Humans , Female , Breast Feeding , Clothing/standards , Maternal Welfare , Nipples/injuries , Wounds and Injuries/prevention & controlABSTRACT
Medidas antropométricas säo dados de base, essenciais para a concepçäo ergonômica de produtos industriais, sejam estes bens de capital ou de consumo. Visando contribuir para a melhoria da qualidade do produto brasileiro, o INT vem se dedicando a formar um Banco de Dados Antropométricos e Biomecânicos que ofereça ao setor produtivo dados dimensionais da populaçäo, confiáveis e fidedignos. Optou-se, nesta pesquisa, enfocar a populaçäo ocupada na indústria de transformaçäo. Os resultados säo apresentados em dois volumes. Este segundo volume apresenta 26 variáveis antropométricas, destinadas a confecçäo de vestuário